Epilepsy can be a complex disorder.

Be Prepared

Be Prepared for Seizures

Your support can mean increased confidence and independence. Everyone experiences epilepsy differently. Even if seizures are not yet as controlled as you and the person you care for would like, knowing what to do when seizures occur can in itself encourage independence and confidence.

Know the basic steps. First aid for epilepsy is not difficult for people who are well-informed. The best way to ensure that your loved one will encounter well-informed people is to help to educate them. Ask the healthcare professional what seizures are most likely to occur, what the risks are, and what specific steps are most important to take when giving first aid. Take notes; if you can’t find a fact sheet that fits the condition you’re dealing with, create your own and make copies for those who may need them.

Make sure that people at work or school know the drill. In places the person you care for visits often, such as work or school, work together to choose a few people to educate about epilepsy and the type of first aid that may and may not be needed.

  • For the workplace, suggest that some responsible person—a human resources representative, a supervisor, or a trusted colleague—be informed about the condition. Make sure the person has all the information he or she needs, including basic first-aid instructions and the healthcare professional’s number.
  • For school, inform an administrator, the school nurse, or your child’s teacher. Inform your child’s athletic coach, especially if your child travels with the team. Make sure the school has all the information it needs, including basic first-aid instructions and the healthcare professional’s number.

Help strangers give the right kind of help. When the person you care for is traveling or out in public alone, he or she will need a way to communicate—in the event of a seizure—what others should and shouldn’t do to help. Your loved one should:

  • Always carry a medical identification card with name and address, basic information about the condition, and her or his healthcare professional’s name and telephone number. Some people also choose to wear an alert bracelet or pendant.
  • Carry a card or a sheet of paper listing the basic steps for first aid for the types of seizures he or she is prone to have.

Be Prepared When Planning a Pregnancy

Most women with epilepsy have normal pregnancies and give birth to healthy children.

Encourage your loved one to talk with her obstetrician and the healthcare professional who treats her epilepsy to learn how her condition and its treatment may affect pregnancy, labor, and breast-feeding. Support the plan she develops with her healthcare professionals in any way you can.

The planning process should start early—before conception, if possible—and should help your loved one to set her mind at ease about child care, medications, and other issues.

For general information, visit the Epilepsy Foundation’s Web page on Pregnancy Issues or download the Pregnancy & Parenting brochure (available as a Word document) from the International League Against Epilepsy.


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About TOPAMAX®

TOPAMAX® is approved as initial monotherapy in patients 2 years of age and older with partial-onset or primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures.

Safety and effectiveness in patients who were converted to monotherapy from a previous regimen of other anticonvulsant drugs have not been established in controlled trials.

TOPAMAX® is approved as add-on therapy for patients 2 years of age and older with primary generalized tonic-clonic seizures, partial-onset seizures, or seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.

Important Safety Information

Warnings and Precautions

TOPAMAX ® may cause eye problems. Serious eye problems include: sudden decrease in vision with or without eye pain and redness; blockage of fluid in the eye causing increased pressure in the eye (secondary angle closure glaucoma). These eye problems can lead to permanent loss of vision if not treated. You should call your healthcare professional right away if you have any new eye symptoms.

TOPAMAX ® may cause decreased sweating and increased body temperature (fever). People, especially children, should be watched for signs of decreased sweating and fever, especially in hot temperatures. Some people may need to be hospitalized for this condition.

TOPAMAX ® can increase the level of acid in your blood (metabolic acidosis). If left untreated, metabolic acidosis can cause brittle or soft bones (osteoporosis, osteomalacia, osteopenia), kidney stones, can slow the rate of growth in children, and may possibly harm your baby if you are pregnant. Metabolic acidosis can happen with or without symptoms. Sometimes people with metabolic acidosis will: feel tired, not feel hungry (loss of appetite), feel changes in heartbeat, or have trouble thinking clearly. Your healthcare provider should do a blood test to measure the level of acid in your blood before and during your treatment with TOPAMAX ®. If you are pregnant, you should talk to your healthcare provider about whether you have metabolic acidosis.

Like other antiepileptic drugs, TOPAMAX ® may cause suicidal thoughts or actions in a very small number of people, about 1 in 500. Pay attention to any changes and call your doctor right away if you have any of these symptoms, especially if they are new, worse, or worry you: thoughts about suicide or dying, attempts to commit suicide, new or worse depression, new or worse anxiety, feeling agitated or restless, panic attacks, trouble sleeping (insomnia), new or worse irritability, acting aggressive, being angry or violent, acting on dangerous impulses, an extreme increase in activity and talking (mania), or other unusual changes in behavior or mood.

TOPAMAX ® may affect how you think, and cause confusion, problems with concentration, attention, memory, or speech, depression or mood problems, tiredness, and sleepiness.
Do not stop taking TOPAMAX ® without first talking to your doctor. Stopping TOPAMAX ® suddenly can cause serious problems.

If you take TOPAMAX ® during pregnancy, your baby has a higher risk for birth defects called cleft lip and cleft palate. These defects can begin early in pregnancy, even before you know you are pregnant. There may be other medicines to treat your condition that have a lower chance of birth defects. All women of childbearing age should talk to their healthcare providers about using other possible treatments instead of TOPAMAX ®. If the decision is made to use TOPAMAX ®, you should use effective birth control (contraception) unless you are planning to become pregnant. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant while taking TOPAMAX ®. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will continue to take TOPAMAX ® while you are pregnant. Metabolic acidosis may have harmful effects on your baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if TOPAMAX ® has caused metabolic acidosis during your pregnancy. If you become pregnant while taking TOPAMAX ®, talk to your healthcare provider about registering with the North American Antiepileptic Drug Pregnancy Registry. You can enroll in this registry by calling 1-888-233-2334. The purpose of this registry is to collect information about the safety of antiepileptic drugs during pregnancy.

TOPAMAX ® may cause high blood ammonia levels. High ammonia in the blood can affect your mental activities, slow your alertness, make you feel tired, or cause vomiting.

Taking TOPAMAX ® when you are also taking valproic acid can cause a drop in body temperature (hypothermia) to less than 95ºF, feeling tired, confusion, or coma.

Adverse Reactions

As monotherapy, the most common side effects of TOPAMAX ® (in the 400 mg/day group and at a higher rate, ≥ 5%, than the 50 mg/day group) in adults were tingling in arms and legs, weight decrease, loss of appetite, sleepiness, and difficulty with memory; and in children, fever, weight decrease, mood problems, cognitive problems, infection, flushing, and tingling in arms and legs.

In combination with other antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the most common side effects of TOPAMAX ® in adults (200 to 400 mg/day) were sleepiness, dizziness, loss of muscle coordination, speech disorders and related problems, psychomotor slowing, abnormal vision, difficulty with memory, tingling in arms and legs, and double vision; and in children (5 to 9 mg/kg/day), fatigue, sleepiness, loss of appetite, nervousness, difficulty with concentration/attention, difficulty with memory, aggressive reaction, and weight decrease.

Tell your doctor about other medications that you are taking. Report any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.

These are not all the possible side effects of TOPAMAX ®. For more information, ask your healthcare professional or pharmacist.

You are encouraged to report negative side effects of prescription drugs to the FDA. Visit www.fda.gov/medwatch, or call 1-800-FDA-1088.

Please see full US Prescribing Information and Medication Guide.

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This site was last modified on: Dec 28 2010 at 04:38:50 EST